This
new medical noninvasive optical diagnostic apparatus had been developed for the
goal of the medical diagnostic examination when a doctor needs to know “in
vivo” parameters of
soft tissue’s blood supply. The apparatus allows a doctor to measure
and to indicate in both a real time regime and a noninvasive mode three
following important
medical parameters:
a)
The index of a melanin content
within a skin (Me);
b)
The index of
capillary blood content in the tested volume of the tissue (Vb)1);
c)
The index of
average (per both arterial and venal parts of the blood microcirculation section)
saturation (SO2) of the peripheral blood (index
of oxyhaemoglobin content) in the tested volume of tissue1).
1)
The tested volume is around 0.7-0.8 cm3 under the tissue
surface.
During a diagnostic procedure it is necessary only: to move the detector’s head (optical probe) close to the tested tissue (skin) to reach a gentle contact with the tested surface of tissue and, then, to press with the use of the computer’s mouse a button “measuring” on the computer monitor's screen. One second late a doctor can see all measured parameters on the monitor's screen. It is possible a continuous monitoring and application of different conventional functional tests (tests with loading on the microcirculatory bed) as well.
A difference of this apparatus from the well-known in medicine puls-oximetry consists in following: the used multi-wave optical diagnostic technique and special data processing algorithms allows a doctor to measure all above listed parameters without the use of any blood pulses rhythms, i.e. it is possible to produce any measurements under the blood stagnation condition or under the occlusion situation in the vessels (Fig.1). Moreover, unlike conventional pulsoximetry this diagnostic technique – absorption multi-wave optical spectroscopy – allows a doctor to measure SO2 parameter as an average parameter between arterial and venous saturation, close to venous saturation, that gives an information about oxygen uptake in a tissues.
Left
graph - the hyperemic type of microcirculation; right one - the spastic type of
microcirculation.
Today the apparatus "Spectrotest" is fabricated by the State Scientific & Production Russian Company "Tciklon-Test" under the Russian Patent No. 2234853 and Certificate of Russian State Agency of Healthcare Inspection No. FS 022a2006/3254-06. It is planned also to be of two modifications - with into-cavity optical probe (Fig.2):
|
|
|
Fig.2
and with external (body) optical probe for a long monitoring of patients (Fig.3)
|
|
|
|
Fig.3
Enhanced software of apparatus allows a doctor to keep a full database of patients, to calculate all three main diagnostic parameters (Me, Vb, SO2) in a real time mode, to calculate all additional diagnostic parameters (specific oxygen utilization in a tissue, reserve of microcirculation, etc.) during the functional tests, etc.
 |
|
|
